Skin pigmentation can be extremely embarrassing for all of us. This pigmentation, known as hyper-pigmentation, can be isolated in small spots all over our body or even cover areas like our entire face. Skin pigmentation is associated with excessive production of melanin, which gives the skin its color. Several factors can produce excess melanin. While it may be frustrating to deal with these dark spots, understanding the cause of your hyper-pigmentation can help determine the best options for removal.
Sun Exposure
The sun's harmful ultraviolet rays are one of the main causes of dark pigmentation on the skin. Our skin produces more melanin when we are exposed to the sun. It becomes thick in certain places. People who use sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30 per day reduce the amount of sun exposure to their skin, which helps prevent dark sun spots.
Many women go through the experience of dark skin pigmentation during pregnancy. And it is known as Melasma. It is caused by hormonal fluctuations in the body of pregnant women and is commonly known as the mask of pregnancy. Scars on the cheeks, nose, forehead and chin are more common in women. These are usually dark, brown or gray in color. Birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy can similarly lead to dark skin pigmentation because they also affect hormone levels. Diseases that affect hormones, such as Addison's disease, are often accompanied by hyper-pigmentation.
Acne Scars
Inflammation of the skin or skin irritation is another common cause of dark skin pigmentation, so those who have acne often deal with dark skin pigmentation spots from post-acne scars. Inflammation of the skin is followed by hyper-pigmentation, which causes the skin to turn brown or purple. Some dark pigmentation spots from acne scars can last for months or years. Inflammatory hyper-pigmentation often occurs in people with fair skin. Psoriasis and eczema can cause the same kind of dark pigmentation on the skin and hyper-pigmentation can result from wounds spread by burns, cuts or scraps.
Diseases
Metabolic disorders, autoimmune diseases, vitamin deficiencies, and gastrointestinal conditions can lead to hyper-pigmentation in humans. And this effect is better with effective treatment for the underlying disease or condition.
Medication
Medication can also cause dark pigmentation on the skin. Drugs used to treat malaria, seizures, infections and other conditions can increase melanin. And this can lead to hyper-pigmentation. So if possible ask your doctor about your possible side effects and avoid sun exposure.
Dark spots on some people's skin are genetic. Freckles, birthmarks and moles are usually inherited traits.In addition, genetics can make certain individuals more prone to sunburn than others.
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